\proptoThe symbol \propto is used to denote proportionality between two quantities. It indicates that one quantity is proportional to another, meaning that they change at the same rate or ratio. This is often used in mathematics and physics to express relationships where one variable is a constant multiple of another.
y is proportional to x, meaning y = kx for some constant k.
y \propto xForce F is proportional to mass m, as in Newton's second law of motion.
F \propto mThe area A of a circle is proportional to the square of its radius r.
A \propto r^2